Carbon fiber is a new type of non-metallic material. It and its composite materials have high specific strength, high specific modulus, fatigue resistance, creep resistance, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, dimensional stability, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient A series of excellent performances such as small, self-lubricating and energy-absorbing shock resistance. Another important characteristic of carbon fiber is its low specific gravity. The specific gravity is generally around 1.6, which is one-half of aluminum and one-fifth of steel. Despite its light weight, carbon fiber has high strength and a high “specific strength”. Its specific strength is 5 times that of steel and its rigidity is very good. In view of the many excellent characteristics of the above carbon fiber, the application range of carbon fiber is getting wider and wider. From the 1950s, it was mainly used in cutting-edge sciences such as rockets, aerospace and aviation, and was widely used in the fields of sports equipment, textiles, chemical machinery and medicine in the 1980s.
China's textile machinery and equipment began to gradually apply carbon fiber materials to components. Carbon fiber has light weight and great specific strength, making it an ideal material for lightweighting high-end mechanical equipment. Below we will give a brief introduction to several forms of carbon fiber applications in textile machinery.
Carbon fiber is used to reinforce composite materials for textile machinery accessories. Carbon fiber composite materials are increasingly replacing traditional materials, such as cast iron, steel and aluminum. Therefore, the use of carbon fiber composite materials in textile machines is greatly superior to traditional materials in many ways.
Shuttle and arrow shaft: Shuttle and arrow shaft are the early forms of carbon fiber composite materials used in textile machinery. Each wooden shuttle rod weighs 1.2kg, while the carbon fiber rod weighs only 0.1kg; the frequency of the wooden shuttle is about 120-130 times per minute, and the frequency of the carbon fiber composite rod can be at least doubled; the wooden shuttle The service life is only 6 months, and the service life of carbon fiber composite rods is as long as 6-8 years.
Carbon fiber heald frame and winding core: Later, with the shuttleless loom, the number of revolutions increased, the fabric width became wider, and the production efficiency was significantly improved. In the water spray hole chamber, the rotation speed is 1700rpm, and the width of the scoop is up to 2m. In order to suppress the deformation of the growing scoop, a lightweight, high-rigidity carbon fiber composite material is used on the heald frame. The winding core of the loom winder is usually a steel tube. After inserting the paper tube, the air pressure will produce small protrusions and become a structure to fix the paper tube, but the defect is that the weight is large. After replacing with carbon fiber composite pipe, the weight is much reduced, and it is inserted into the straight pipe. Whether it is the installation operation of the loom or the manual operation of removing the rolled fabric, it is much easier.
Carbon fiber-reinforced nylon gears: The traditional gears for textile machinery are mainly pure nylon gears. Due to low strength, poor fatigue resistance, short service life, and high maintenance costs, the transmission gears made of carbon fiber-reinforced nylon are highly conductive and have anti-static effects. Good, not only has the electrical conductivity of general cast iron, but also can effectively prevent the generation of static electricity and reduce the probability of fire and other accidents; strong strength, good toughness, tensile strength close to yield strength, strong impact, stress and vibration Energy absorption capacity; good wear resistance and self-lubricating effect, reduce oil pollution, good fatigue resistance, and double the service life; light weight, low noise, 30% lower noise than cast iron gears, 20% lower energy consumption, corrosion resistance, Can resist the erosion of gasoline, grease, alcohol, weak alkali, etc.
Carbon fiber composite roller shaft: The roller shaft made of carbon fiber composite material is 70% -80% lighter than the traditional steel roller. During operation, it has little run-out, low noise, high strength, good straightness, and because of its large self-weight The reduction in amplitude greatly improves the critical speed of the roller shaft and reduces the time it takes to start. The operating speed is increased by 30%. While improving work efficiency, energy consumption can be reduced by 30%. From the perspective of long-term application, carbon fiber composite materials have high rigidity and better fatigue resistance. Therefore, rollers made of carbon fiber composite materials are not easy to deform and have a longer service life, which saves equipment maintenance costs to a certain extent.
Warp knitting machine groove needle bed: There are generally two types of needle bed structure of existing warp knitting machine for textile: one kind of needle bed is an integral metal piece, this type of needle bed will change when the temperature is affected by the temperature change, when the needle The needle wiping phenomenon will occur when the distance changes are inconsistent, which affects the working quality of the knitting; another needle bed structure, the needle bed is made of carbon fiber composite material, the base of the groove needle bed is laminated by carbon fiber prepreg, because of the groove needle The light weight of the bed is conducive to improving the knitting speed of the warp knitting machine and reducing energy consumption; the needle bed will not be affected by the increase in the operating temperature of the machine during knitting and will expand to cause the needle wiping, which will help to increase the knitting speed of the warp knitting machine.