It took 11 years to accumulate 10 million trials, accumulate 150G data, and cost 100 million yuan. China Railway Corporation's Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Research Institute Co., Ltd. (Zhuzhou Institute) conquered the third-generation rail transit traction technology, namely permanent magnet synchronous motor traction The system was successfully developed. Therefore, after Germany, Japan, France and other countries, China has become one of the few countries in the world to master the technology of high-speed permanent magnet traction systems. On May 16, 2015, the permanent magnet synchronous motor used in Changsha Metro Line 1 was successfully delivered. In March 2016, the subway train was officially put into trial operation on the main line. As of July 7, 2016, the train had accumulated 12,500 kilometers of trouble-free operation, and successfully completed the trial run evaluation.
On September 7, 2016, CRRC Qingdao Sifang Locomotive & Rolling Stock Co., Ltd. independently developed the first domestic permanent magnet direct drive bogie for rail vehicles to successfully load and test, filling a gap in the field of direct drive bogie technology in China. The permanent magnet here refers to neodymium-iron-boron. The neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet is applied to the motor, which has the advantages of energy saving, environmental protection, high efficiency, weight reduction, capacity reduction and noise suppression.
Energy saving and environmental protection
Previously, Zhuzhou Institute's permanent magnet traction system was successfully loaded on the 20th train of Shenyang Metro Line 2, achieving the first application in the domestic rail transportation field. As of the end of May 2015, Shenyang Metro Line 2 had carried 70,000 kilometers of passengers without failure.
After analyzing the data of the AW0 no-load test of 5100 kilometers, the AW3 load test of 1100 kilometers, and the operation of 30,000 kilometers of passengers, the researchers concluded that although the permanent magnet synchronous traction motor uses a fully enclosed structure, the temperature rise ratio of the motor Asynchronous traction motors have low heat generation, low heat loss, and high efficiency. Passenger-carrying operations show that one permanent magnet motor can carry the capacity of two asynchronous motors and meet operating requirements. Energy consumption monitoring and measurement results show that permanent magnet synchronization The energy consumption of the traction motor is 497.198MVA.s, and the energy consumption of the asynchronous traction motor is 550.068MVA.s. The comparison shows that the permanent magnet synchronous traction motor saves 9.61% energy than the asynchronous traction motor.
Liu Ke'an, deputy general manager and chief engineer of Time Electric Company under Zhuzhou, said: "High efficiency and energy saving are the most prominent advantages of permanent magnet traction systems." The data shows that the 690kW permanent magnet synchronous motor developed by Zhuzhou has more power than the current mainstream asynchronous motors. Increase 60%, reduce motor loss by 70%.
For the new permanent magnet direct drive bogie, Jiang Xin, deputy director of the technology center of CRRC Sifang Co., Ltd. introduced that the new permanent magnet direct drive bogie uses a fully enclosed water-cooled permanent magnet direct drive motor to directly drive the wheelset, which is highly efficient and has a direct drive process. No gear transmission loss, compared with the current mainstream asynchronous motors with geared bogies, the energy consumption is reduced by 15%, and the energy saving advantage is significant. It also avoids gear-borne noise and reduces operating noise by 10 decibels.
lower the cost
According to the actual operating data of Shenyang Metro Line 2, Liu Ke'an, the deputy general manager and chief engineer of Times Electric Company, calculated an account: the economic benefits of a subway alone in terms of energy saving are as high as 4 million yuan each year.
For the entire subway of Changsha Metro Line 1 with 16 permanent magnet motors, the staff of Times Electric Company calculated the current account: At present, the energy consumption per train of 1500V and B subway trains is 12kW / km, and each train per year With a mileage of about 120,000 kilometers, assuming that the electricity cost of the Changsha Metro is 1 yuan per kilowatt-hour, based on the energy saving of 10%, a permanent magnet traction system train can save about 144,000 yuan in electricity costs each year. In addition, compared with the existing asynchronous motors, the noise of permanent magnet motors can be reduced by about 3 dB, and passengers will feel quieter and more comfortable when riding on permanent magnet subways. On the day of official operation on June 28, 2016, the chairman of Changsha Rail Transit Group disclosed that the energy consumption of permanent magnet subways per kilometer was reduced by 3 kWh compared to asynchronous motor trains. The total length of Line 1 was 23.55 kilometers. Running the subway back and forth can save around 140 kWh of electricity.
Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering Liu Youmei commented that the rated efficiency of the permanent magnet synchronous traction system of CRRC Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Research Institute reached more than 98%, reducing the motor loss to one-third of the original, and significantly reducing the traction of high-speed trains. Energy consumption.
Compared with traditional bogies that require a lot of maintenance, the new permanent magnet direct drive bogies eliminate the maintenance of gear transmissions, and the permanent magnet direct drive motors are fully enclosed structures, which are basically maintenance-free, which improves operational reliability and reduces application Maintenance costs.
Popular science data point out that the first generation of the world's rail vehicle traction system is a DC motor traction system; the second generation is an AC asynchronous motor traction system starting in the 1970s, which is the current mainstream technology; the third generation is permanent magnet synchronization Motor traction system is recognized as the next generation locomotive traction system. At present, rail transit permanent magnet synchronous traction trains produced by foreign Alstom, Bombardier, Toshiba and other vehicle factories have been successfully used in France, Japan and other countries, and have entered the stage of commercialization and application.
At present, China has become a country that has mastered the technology of permanent magnet traction systems and realized its application in the fields of subways, urban rails, trains and high-speed railways. China's permanent magnet traction systems use neodymium iron boron as the core material of its drive motors.
According to the 2016 edition of the Medium- and Long-Term Railway Network Plan, during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, China plans to improve the high-speed railway network and form eight vertical and eight horizontal main corridors. Based on this, it plans to construct high-speed railway regional connections and further improve the road network. 2. Expand coverage. By 2020, China will achieve an operating mileage of 30,000 kilometers of high-speed railways; by 2025, it will have about 38,000 kilometers of high-speed railways, which means that China's high-speed railway mileage will double in the next ten years. In terms of subways and trams, China has opened 2,658 kilometers of urban subway operating lines in 2015. The planned total scale of subway lines during the 13th Five-Year Plan period is 4,248 kilometers, and the total scale of lines under construction is 3790 kilometers. At the same time, China's metro population requirements for metro applications may be reduced from more than 3 million to 1.5 million, which will increase the number of cities eligible for subway construction from about 30 to about 90. It is conservatively estimated that by 2020, at least 50 cities in China will have subways, and the potential for planning mileage is huge. In addition, since the authority to approve tram construction was delegated to provincial governments in 2013, all regions have entered an outbreak of rail transit approval and planned construction. According to rough statistics, there have been more than 100 urban planning and construction of trams in the country, and the total planned mileage has exceeded 6000 kilometers. It is conservatively estimated that by 2020, the total mileage of tram lines nationwide will climb from 174 kilometers in 2015 to 2500 kilometers, corresponding to a compound annual growth rate of 70.4%. All routes require a corresponding number of rail locomotives.
China has entered a new era of permanent magnet traction technology for rail transit. At this stage, the NdFeB permanent magnet direct drive traction motor locomotive will gradually become the absolute main force of the rail locomotive. Future demand has begun to supply high-performance NdFeB. Product performance challenges.