Early carbon fiber composites were used in small patrol boats and landing ships. The relatively poor manufacturing quality and hull rigidity limit the length of the ship to not more than 15m and the displacement to 20t. In recent years, with the reduction of the design and preparation costs of composite materials and the improvement of mechanical properties, composite materials have begun to be applied to large ships such as mine hunting boats and light frigates. With the development of technology, the length of ships has been increasing steadily. Now there are 80-90m all-composite naval ships.
The United States is the country with the most advanced science and technology in the development of composite materials, the most widely used composite materials and the largest amount of countries. In terms of the application of marine composite materials, its scale and technology are at the forefront of the world. The U.S. Navy built a transport boat with polyester fiberglass in 1946. It was the world's first composite material ship, and subsequently manufactured a fiberglass landing boat and work boat.
After entering the 21st century, the United States has further strengthened the application of composite materials in shipbuilding. It has adopted a new high-strength carbon fiber / vinyl resin sandwich structure to replace traditional glass fiber and other low-strength fibers. The new-type ship has high stability and fast speed. And has stealth, anti-submarine, anti-mine capabilities. European composite shipbuilding industry is also very developed.
In the mid-1960s, Britain used FRP to manufacture 450t large minesweepers and 625t mine-hunting boats. In 1973, all-glass FRP anti-mine mines were built using composite materials. Their successful application promoted the rapid development of composite materials. The 20th century In the 1990s, Britain successfully applied carbon-glass hybrid fibers to build motor boats and patrol boats. With the development of technology, in recent years, it has also successfully applied recycled plastic bottle reprocessing materials to build ships, which not only reduced costs, but also conformed to the material biology Development direction of degradation and recycling. In the 1990s, Sweden successfully developed the world's first composite stealth test boat, and gradually developed a construction method featuring high-performance carbon fiber and a sandwich structure. It developed and integrated advanced composite material technology and stealth technology in A series of light destroyers have been successfully launched into service.
In the 1990s, Sweden successfully developed the world's first composite stealth test boat, and gradually developed a construction method featuring high-performance carbon fiber and a sandwich structure. It developed and integrated advanced composite material technology and stealth technology in A series of light destroyers have been successfully launched into service.
Japan has been building FRP boats since the 1950s, and has made great achievements in the construction of high performance boats, rowing boats and luxury yachts. In the 21st century, Japan began to research and manufacture high-performance composite military vessels. At present, the first FRP composite minesweeper has been successfully built and put into use.
The development and application of composite materials in ships in China began in 1958, and the first FRP work boat was born in Shanghai. In the mid-1970s, a mine-sweeping test boat with a total length of nearly 39 meters was developed. Since then, the development of the GRP / CM anti-mine mine ship has been interrupted for more than ten years. Since the 1990s, with the development of technology and the introduction of technology, China has used composite materials to produce a large number of yachts, sailing boats, rescue boats, as well as high-speed patrol boats, law enforcement boats, and anti-smuggling boats such as public security, armed police, sea surveillance, customs Waiting for paramilitary boats, but so far has not designed and built a high-tech naval anti-mine mine vessel.
Compared with foreign countries, the application scope and scale of China's marine composite materials is still small, but with the rapid development of carbon fiber composite materials in China, the development of domestic carbon fiber composite materials is remarkable. Its carbon fiber composite sonar shrouds and carbon fiber composite radar radomes have all become more mature applications.
It can be seen that China has great potential in the field of carbon fiber composite materials for marine use. Although there is still a certain gap between the overall and foreign countries, it is believed that with the efforts of many materials people, the development gap of domestic marine composite materials will gradually narrow. Even beyond.