Controllable construction of nanostructures to regulate and improve the thermoelectric properties of polymers and their composites
Thermoelectric material
Thermoelectric functional materials can directly convert between thermal energy and electrical energy. It has a wide range of potential applications in the recovery and efficient use of waste and low-quality heat, local cooling, sensing, and wearable electronic devices, such as providing energy for the Voyager space probe launched by NASA, Has been in space for more than 40 years.
Research on thermoelectric materials has a history of nearly 200 years, but it is mainly concentrated in the field of inorganic thermoelectric materials. In recent years, especially in the past 5 years, organic thermoelectric materials have attracted great interest due to their low thermal conductivity, light weight, easy solution processing, highly adjustable and controllable molecular structure, and high flexibility. The number of related papers published It has increased dramatically, and some important breakthroughs and representative reviews have emerged. It has developed into one of the important frontier topics in the field of materials.
Organic polymer thermoelectric materials (mainly conjugated polymers) and their composite thermoelectric materials are important components of organic thermoelectric materials, and have made important progress in recent years. For example: the development of template adsorption-in-situ polymerization, layer-layer assembly A series of material preparation methods such as nanostructure controllable construction, etc., have obtained a variety of high-performance p-type and n-type material flexible films with excellent thermoelectric properties, and improved the measurement methods of the thermoelectric parameters such as the in-plane thermal conductivity of the film. And technology, put forward a variety of thin film and fiber device assembly preparation process, and deepen the understanding of the polymer and its composite thermoelectric material preparation principle and structure-thermoelectric performance relationship mechanism.
Research progress in the controllable construction of nanostructures and the enhancement of thermoelectric properties of polymers and their composites. First, the author briefly introduces the research background of thermoelectric materials, including inorganic and organic thermoelectric materials. Then, it divides into two parts: polymer nanostructured materials and polymer composite nanostructured materials. Taking two types of typical conjugated polymers, PEDOT and PPy nanostructures, as examples, this paper focuses on the thermoelectric properties of polymer nanostructured materials. High dependency, and further control its thermoelectric properties through post-treatment; constructing three-dimensional network structure from polymer nanostructures coated carbon nanoparticles, layered morphology of polymer nanostructures / inorganic sheet composites, unique "coral-like" Based on the nanostructure morphology of nanostructures and polymer nanostructures / polymer composites, the research progress of nanostructured composite thermoelectric materials is outlined. Finally, it is pointed out that the controllable construction of nanostructures is an effective strategy to obtain high-performance polymers and their composite thermoelectric materials, and some suggestions for future research directions in this field are proposed.