China's rail transit has another "star"-high-speed maglev train. Recently, a 600 km high-speed magnetic levitation test prototype was officially rolled off in Qingdao, Shandong.
This is a fruitful result of the key special project of the state's key R & D plan "Advanced Rail Transit", which marks a major breakthrough in the field of high-speed magnetic levitation technology in China. Relying on long-term deep technology accumulation, close integration of production, teaching and research, in the past 3 years, scientists and engineers have made a series of breakthroughs in key technologies of high-speed magnetic levitation transportation systems such as levitation guidance, traction control, and transportation control communications, which have consolidated China's rail transportation. In the field of technological advantages, key core technologies are firmly in their own hands.
Preemptive layout
Developing high-speed maglev industry
The blue-gray, sci-fi-shaped front is a luxurious, shoulder-to-shoulder aircraft interior, and the super-high-speed magnetic levitation test sample car with special treatment finishes shines in the sun.
On May 23, the key technology stage achievement report meeting of the high-speed maglev transportation system and the first high-speed maglev test prototype roll-off ceremony were held in Qingdao. This train with a maximum speed of 600 kilometers per hour revealed the mystery to the world for the first time.
"The next five years will be a critical period for the development of the high-speed maglev industry, and also a key period for the initial formation of the global high-speed maglev industry pattern." Said He Huawu, vice president and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. "High-speed maglev transportation has developed into a global rail transit. Trends and directions. "
High-speed magnetic levitation, as a new type of cutting-edge rail transportation technology, has attracted more and more attention from many countries. Developed countries such as Germany and Japan have developed a variety of magnetic levitation transportation solutions along different technological routes.
In 2016, China began to deploy research and development of high-speed maglev transportation systems, with the purpose of developing high-speed maglev engineering systems with independent intellectual property rights and a speed of 600 kilometers per hour, and forming China's high-speed maglev industrialization capabilities.
"High-speed magnetic levitation will change people's perception of traffic and distance, and realize a 500-kilometer commute, 1,000-1500-kilometer intra-city, and 2000-2500-kilometer corridor-like transportation pattern." The national key research and development plan "Advanced Rail Transit" key special overall Expert group leader Jia Limin told the Science and Technology Daily reporter.
Breakthrough core technology
Just in the slightest
Leaving a behemoth full of passengers on the track and speeding at a speed of 600 km / h needs to solve many core key technologies of rail transportation.
One of the key is that the distance between the train and the track must be stably maintained within 10 mm. This places stringent requirements on systems such as suspension guidance. In order to solve this problem, engineers installed multiple sensors on the train and "reported" the distance between the body and the track to the control system in real time, and then controlled the distance to a set range by adjusting the strength of the current.
"This requires us to ensure effective motion decoupling between the magnet-suspension frame and the car body, and to solve a series of problems including self-excited vibration by using rail-rail coupling, suspension optimization, and suspension guidance system coordination." The person in charge of the project, Ding Sansan, deputy chief engineer of CRRC Sifang Co., Ltd., told the Science and Technology Daily reporter.
As trains travel at super high speeds, the positions of vehicles and tracks change from moment to moment. Therefore, the installed sensors must be very "smart" and provide feedback in the shortest possible time. "We have reduced the response time from 0.824 seconds to 0.01 seconds by optimizing magnet capabilities, response bandwidth and control algorithms, and introducing negative current feedback." Ding Sansan said.
Judging from the parameters and technical indicators, this test vehicle has reached the international advanced level in terms of high-precision suspension guidance, speed positioning device and control system, and has achieved staged results.
There are many challenges brought by super high speed, and wind resistance is one of them. The current speed reached 600 kilometers, and the aerodynamic resistance occupied more than 90%. In order to solve a series of difficult problems such as aerodynamic resistance, strength and stiffness under ultra-high speed conditions, CRRC Sifang has specially developed a new generation of lightweight and high-strength car bodies. The new-generation car body uses carbon fiber sealing material, which is 30% lighter than aluminum alloy. The specially developed 3D woven suspension frame and other components have improved the fatigue strength and damping characteristics of the components.
In terms of processing technology, the new car body uses laser composite welding technology, which has 3 times higher accuracy than arc welding, and the error is only ± 1 mm. "When installing the internal components, it was almost a success. I couldn't imagine it before," said Ding Sanshang. "This has provided great convenience for post-production and maintenance."
It is this breakthrough between the slightest that demonstrates the true strength of Made in China.
"Joint Fleet" coordinated operations
Build a Chinese-style technology innovation system
The high-speed maglev transportation system is organized by CRRC and implemented by CRRC Qingdao Sifang Locomotive and Rolling Stock Co., Ltd., which has gathered domestic superior resources in the field of high-speed rail and maglev. There are more than 30 companies, universities, and research institutes forming a "United Fleet" "Start technical research. In cooperative operations, the participating units cooperated tacitly, and the production, learning, research, and use were closely linked, and staged results were achieved.
"This project is led by industry leaders, allocates advantageous industries and innovative resources, gathers advantageous institutions, and makes full use of the resources and technologies accumulated in the past." Jia Limin said. Although the project has only been launched for 3 years, behind it is the wisdom, experience and technology of China in the field of rail transportation.
Ding Sansan also said that in the process of technical research, he borrowed the scientific and rigorous research and development process of high-speed rail, the long-term accumulation of high-speed magnetic levitation and high-speed wheel and rail, systematically optimized the scientific research and development process, and formed a cross-industry, cross-professional, and cross-unit joint research and development team. , Division of labor and collaboration, collaborative innovation.
Relying on a Chinese-style technology innovation system, the research team has overcome a series of core technologies such as traction control, suspension guidance, vehicle-ground communication, and ultra-high-strength bodywork. "We can proudly say that China's high-speed maglev has developed from the research and development stage to the engineering and industrialization stage. China's high-speed maglev industry is showing a vigorous vitality and will become an indispensable part of the global high-speed maglev industry and market development. Lack of power. "He Huawu said.