Thermal adaptability is one of the key parameters that affect the application of infrared stealth materials in infrared camouflage and energy-saving aircraft and buildings. Using polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as the polymer matrix, antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) and vanadium dioxide (VO2) as fillers, ATO/PAN-xVO2 (x=20, 40 and VO2) were prepared by electrospinning and sintering. 60mol%) fiber membrane composite material. Characterized infrared stealth performance including emissivity and infrared image, as well as the uniaxial stress-strain relationship of the fiber membrane.
Tsinghua University`s Fang Fei`s team found that the infrared emissivity (ε) of the ATO/PAN (ATO/PAN-0VO2) film continued to decrease in the temperature range of 25-90℃, while the ATO/PAN-xVO2 (x=20) , 40 and 60 mol%) the infrared emissivity of the film dropped sharply around 68°C. The infrared images taken at different temperatures further verified the infrared stealth performance of the four fiber composite materials. Due to the thermistor behavior of ATO, as the temperature increases, the increase in electronic conductivity increases the infrared stealth performance of the composite material. The VO2-containing composite material suddenly drops around 68°C, which is related to the phase change of VO2 from monoclinic (semiconductor) to rutile structure (metal). The stress-strain behavior under uniaxial tension shows that with the increase of VO2 content, the fracture strength and strain decrease monotonously. The research results provide a thermally adaptive material with both infrared stealth and mechanical properties.