Additive and subtractive composite manufacturing method
In recent years, most of the research work on arc additive manufacturing technology has mainly focused on the development of forming systems, process control, process monitoring, microstructure characteristics and mechanical properties analysis of formed parts. In order to control the forming accuracy and performance requirements, domestic and foreign research institutions have integrated different manufacturing processes for increasing and decreasing materials, and developed various types of composite manufacturing systems. At present, there are two main ways, one is to combine welding equipment with CNC machine tools; the other is to combine welding equipment with multi-degree-of-freedom robots.
Karunakaran et al. Proposed a composite manufacturing system based on arc welding and milling. The pulse gas shielded welding machine was integrated into a three-axis CNC machine tool. After each layer was stacked, only the upper surface was milled until the near net forming was completed, and finally External contour milling to ensure forming accuracy. Song et al. Developed a similar manufacturing system by combining arc addition and milling reduction. The difference is that after each layer is stacked, the upper surface and side contours are milled at the same time, and then the next layer is stacked until the entire part is completed. . Jeng and Lin proposed the combined processing technology of selective laser cladding and milling. The system consists of a CO2 laser, a coaxial powder feeding system, a four-axis linkage processing and control system, etc. After every 2 or 3 layers are deposited, plane milling , Taking into account the forming efficiency and quality. Huazhong University of Science and Technology Xiong and others proposed a composite manufacturing technology based on plasma fusion forming and numerical control milling. The plasma beam forming technology has the advantages of large heat input, small spot radius, and concentrated energy, so the deposition rate is faster and the cost is more low.
Cranfield University Hnnige and others in the aluminum alloy arc additive manufacturing composite rolling process to control the residual stress and deformation of components. Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, etc. applied arc wire material additive composite laser impact peening technology to control the microstructure, residual stress and tensile properties of 2319 aluminum alloy material. Ding et al. Of Wollongong University designed a software control system that integrates process path planning, welding seam monitoring, welding parameter setting, and post-reduction processing.
Zhu et al. Proposed a software planning process for a composite manufacturing system, including 10 key steps such as part feature extraction, deposition direction planning, process sequence planning, and tool path planning, thereby increasing the degree of system automation.
The above research focuses on the integration and development of the system at the hardware and software levels, while paying less attention to stress and deformation issues. Zhu et al. Also studied the rule that the deformation of parts in the composite manufacturing process is affected by the thickness of the layer and the size of the workpiece, but this study relies on a large number of experimental data and only targets non-metallic materials.