Materials scientists at the Russian National University of Science and Technology have developed a hafnium cyanide ceramic, which can theoretically withstand a high temperature of 4200 degrees Celsius. Prior to this, the most recognized man-made substance in the world that was resistant to high temperature and hardest to melt was tantalum and hafnium carbide.
High temperature resistant materials are divided into refractory materials and heat resistant materials
According to the current definition, materials whose physical and chemical properties allow them to be used in high-temperature environments are called refractory materials. Refractory materials are widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, petroleum, machinery manufacturing, silicate, power and other industrial fields, the largest amount in the metallurgical industry, accounting for 50% to 60% of the total output.
The development of the refractory industry is closely related to the domestic mineral resources. Bauxite, magnesite and graphite are the three major refractory raw materials. And China is one of the world's three largest bauxite exporters. Magnesite reserves are the world's largest, and it is also a major graphite exporter. Rich resources have supported China's refractory materials through ten years of rapid development. At present, the world's top ten materials with the highest melting points are as follows:
1. Graphite (3652 ℃)
Graphite is an allotrope of elemental carbon, and the periphery of each carbon atom is connected with three other carbon atoms (a plurality of hexagons arranged in a honeycomb style) covalently bonded to form a covalent molecule. Uses: Traditionally used as refractory materials, conductive materials, wear-resistant lubricating materials, casting, sand-turning, compression mold and high-temperature metallurgical materials, new types of flexible graphite sealing materials, automotive batteries, new composite materials, etc.
Main research companies: Northern Graphite, Alabama Graphite Corp. , Superior Graphite, Jilin Carbon Co., Ltd., Shanxi Jinneng Group Co., Ltd., Fangda Carbon, etc.
2. Diamond Diamond (3550 ℃)
Diamond is an atomic crystal and graphite is a mixed crystal. The melting point of graphite crystal is higher than that of diamond. It seems incredible, but the bond length of the covalent bond in the graphite crystal sheet is 1.42×10-10m. The bond of the covalent bond in the diamond crystal The length is 1.55×10-10m. Uses: Cutting tools in crafts and industry, such as wire drawing dies, turning tools, scribing knives, hardness tester indenters, geological and petroleum drill bits, grinding wheel knives, glass knives, diamond pens, dresser knives, and abrasives.
Main research companies: Elementsix, UK, Diamond Innovation, IL Jin, Korea, KGS Diamond Group, Zhengzhou Huajing Diamond Co., Ltd. etc.
Others include: Ta4HfC5 (3990°C), Tungsten (3400°C), ZrB2 (3245°C), TiB2 (3225°C), Rhenium (3180°C), and titanium carbide TiC (3100℃), Osmium (3045℃), Silicon Carbide SiC (2820℃).
China's leading company in the field of high temperature materials
Recently, a new type of special transparent ceramic coating has been released, and the temperature resistance has exceeded 2000 ℃. This kind of coating is Zhisheng ZS-1051 high temperature resistant transparent flame retardant anti-oxidation coating. After years of research and development, BJZS Special Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. owns the patented technology of high temperature resistant coatings, breaking through the temperature resistance limit of high temperature resistant coatings. The technology is the world's oldest, ZS functional nano ceramic high temperature coatings have gone domestic. Forefront of international high-temperature paint companies.
The temperature resistance of BJZS nano-ceramic high temperature paint coating system is 150℃, 250℃, 400℃, 600℃, 800℃, 1000℃, 1200℃, 1600℃, 1800℃, 2000℃, 2600℃, 3000℃ etc. Series of high temperature resistant coatings. BJZS's ZS-1023 ultra-high temperature anti-oxidation coating has reached a temperature of 3000℃, requires high performance and stable coating quality, and has been successfully applied to aerospace engines.
The market potential is huge, several major fields may welcome opportunities
With the continuous development of China's economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people's consumption concepts and consumption levels have also changed and improved greatly. Under this opportunity, the high-temperature-resistant material industry has also developed rapidly. From the perspective of market size development in the past two years, the high-temperature-resistant material industry is in rapid development.
Among them, the high temperature resistant composite resin market has broad development prospects in the aerospace and defense, pipelines and storage tanks, and electrical and electronic industries. By 2024, the high-temperature composite resin market is expected to reach 1.1 billion US dollars, from 2019 to 2024, the compound annual growth rate is 4.9%. The main growth driver of this market is the increasing demand for high temperature resistant composite materials and the standardization of materials to withstand certain temperature performance.
Due to the increasing demand for high-performance and heat-resistant materials, other market segments (including transportation and industry) are expected to achieve the highest growth during the forecast period. Due to the strong demand from the pipeline, storage tanks and aerospace/defense industries, North America will remain the largest region. Due to the increased productivity of advanced aircraft models with higher composite content and the expected demand for high temperature resistant materials, Europe is expected to achieve the highest growth during the forecast period.
It is estimated that by 2020, the market scale of high temperature resistant coatings will reach 4.24 billion US dollars, and the compound growth rate from 2015 to 2020 will be more than 4.56%. In the past few years, high temperature resistant coatings have been growing at a relatively moderate rate, and will continue to be maintained for a period of time in the future.