Carbon fiber is the most important inorganic high-performance fiber, which is determined by its data endowment, complexity of industrial skills, importance of application category, and commercial scale. Its first commercial application is carbon fiber reinforced commercially available in 1972 Resin fishing rod. Since then, the use of carbon fiber has rapidly advanced to the high-end represented by the main structural materials of aerospace vehicles.
The most important application method of carbon fiber is as a reinforcement of resin material. The carbon fiber reinforced resin formed has excellent performance. It has practice and potential in the fields of space channels and aircraft, electric vehicles, trucks, wind power blades, fuel cells, etc. Application. Here are some new application areas for carbon fiber composite materials.
Carbon fiber in advanced ship structure
CFRP has a significant effect on improving the structure and maneuverability of ships. Sweden has traditional advantages in shipbuilding skills. Its sandwich composite materials rank first in the world, and it used CFRP skills to develop military ships earlier. The Swedish Navy's Stealth Visby frigate (Stealth Visby), launched in June 2000, was the first international sailor ship to use CFRP in its hull structure. The ship has a length of 73.0 m, a width of 10.4 m, a draft depth of 2.4 m, and a displacement of 600 t; the hull uses CFRP sandwich structure, which has high strength, high hardness, low quality, impact resistance, low radar and magnetic field signals, and excellent electromagnetic wave absorption. Features.
CFRP has also been used in the manufacture of ship propeller blades, integrated masts and superstructures for advanced surface ships. Low noise and quiet operation are a central skill in the field of military ships, and a key target for the function of ships (especially submarines). Because when the propeller works at a high speed, cavitation will occur on the blades of the propeller, which causes the blade to erode, accompanied by intense oscillation and noise. CFRP blades are not only lighter and thinner, but also improve cavitation function, reduce oscillation and underwater characteristics, and reduce fuel consumption.
Carbon fiber in rail vehicles
Lightweighting is a key skill in reducing energy consumption for train operation. Although the trajectory train made of metal has high strength, it has high quality and high energy consumption. The use of carbon fiber composite materials can not only make the train body lighter, but also improve the high-speed operation function, reduce energy consumption, reduce environmental pollution and enhance safety.
The application trend of carbon fiber in the field of rail vehicles has begun to gradually expand from non-load-bearing structural parts such as car interiors and interior equipment to load-bearing members such as car bodies and frames, and gradually transition from parts such as skirt boards and shrouds to roofs Large-scale structures such as the driver's cab and the vehicle body are carried out; the metal and composite materials are mainly used as the turbid structure.
The Korea Railway Research Institute (KRRI) has developed a TTX tilting train body with a running speed of 180km/h, which uses a stainless steel reinforced skeleton, aluminum honeycomb cores for the side walls and top cover, and a sandwich made of CFRP for the skin Structure, the total mass of the car body shell is reduced by 40% compared with the aluminum alloy structure, and the car body strength, fatigue strength, fire safety, dynamic characteristics and other functions are outstanding, and it was put into commercial operation in 2010.
Carbon fiber in missiles, space channels and launch vehicles
Carbon fiber is the material foundation of the modern aerospace industry and is irreplaceable. CFRP is widely used in aerospace fields such as missile weapons, space channels and launch vehicles.
In the application of missile weapons, CFRP is mainly used to make primary and secondary load-bearing structural components such as body fairings, composite brackets, instrument cabins, bait cabins and launch tubes; in the use of space channels, CFRP can ensure small structural deformation and bearing capacity Good, radiation resistance, aging resistance and space environment resistance are outstanding, mainly used for the production of satellite and space station bearing cylinder, honeycomb panel, substrate, camera lens barrel and parabolic antenna and other structural components.
In the application of launch vehicles, CFRP is mainly used to make arrow body fairings, instrument compartments, shells, inter-stage sections, engine throat liners and nozzles. At present, the application of CFRP in spacecraft has become more and more extensive, and it is an indispensable important material for the lightweight, miniaturization and high functionality of spacecraft.